CBF | Lecture 50
CBF | Lecture 50
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Quiz Questions (14 questions)
1. Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate.
2. The Kreb's cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle) is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and carbon dioxide.
3. Ketogenesis is the biochemical process by which organisms produce ketone bodies through breakdown of fatty acids.
4. Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage.
5. The liver is the main site of gluconeogenesis, the biosynthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
6. Thiophorase (succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of CoA from succinyl-CoA to acetoacetate, activating it to acetoacetyl-CoA, an essential step in ketone body metabolism.
7. Acetoacetic acid is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketogenesis.
8. Ketogenesis is the metabolic process that produces ketone bodies during periods of prolonged fasting or low carbohydrate intake.
9. Active acetate is not a precursor for gluconeogenesis.
10. Lactate, oxalacetate, and glycerol are precursors for gluconeogenesis.
11. Beta oxidation of fatty acids is the main pathway for energy production for the adult myocardium during the well-fed state.
12. Lipogenesis is the metabolic process through which acetyl-CoA is converted to fatty acids.
13. Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.
14. Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose.
Previous Exam Questions (26 questions)
1. During a prolonged fast, the liver does not need to be supplied with glucose for energy production.
2. In a 10-year-old male with untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus who develops diabetic ketoacidosis, glycerol serves as a substrate for gluconeogenesis.
3. The fed state is not associated with excessive lipolysis; conditions associated with excessive lipolysis include a low carbohydrate diet, diabetes mellitus, and stress conditions.
4. During prolonged fasting, the brain can reduce its need for serum glucose by using beta-hydroxybutyrate as an alternative energy source.
5. During starvation, fatty acid oxidation is increased, not decreased; starvation is characterized by a negative nitrogen balance, increased glycogen degradation, and increased gluconeogenesis.
6. After eating large amounts of carbohydrates in a normal healthy person, ketogenesis is not as active as Kreb's cycle, lipogenesis and glycogenesis.
7. During prolonged fasting, the brain can reduce its need for glucose by using beta-hydroxybutyrate as an alternative energy source.
8. During starvation, ketone bodies are used as fuel by the brain.
9. In skeletal muscles in a well-fed state, glycogenolysis is inhibited.
10. During the fasting state, the liver responds by stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis pathways.
11. The preferred fuel for the brain is glucose.
12. The preferred fuel for the heart is fatty acids.
13. Death from starvation can occur as a result of metabolic acidosis and dehydration, pneumonia due to muscle weakness and decreased antibody formation, and shock due to depletion of blood volume.
14. The liver does not need to be supplied with glucose for energy production during a prolonged fast.
15. In a 10-year-old male with untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus who develops diabetic ketoacidosis, glycerol is a substrate for gluconeogenesis.
16. The fed state is not associated with excessive lipolysis; conditions associated with excessive lipolysis include low carbohydrate diet, diabetes mellitus, and stress conditions.
17. During fasting for several days, the brain reduces its need for serum glucose by using beta-hydroxybutyrate as an alternate energy source.
18. During starvation, fatty acid oxidation is increased, not decreased; negative nitrogen balance, increased glycogen degradation, and increased gluconeogenesis are true statements regarding starvation.
19. After eating large amounts of carbohydrates in a normal healthy person, ketogenesis is not as active as Kreb's cycle, lipogenesis, and glycogenesis.
20. During fasting for several days, the brain reduces its need for glucose by using beta-hydroxybutyrate as an alternate source of energy.
21. During starvation, ketone bodies are used as a fuel by the brain.
22. In skeletal muscles in a well-fed state, glycogenolysis is inhibited.
23. During the fasting state, the liver responds by stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis pathways.
24. The preferred fuel for the brain is glucose.
25. The preferred fuel for the heart is fatty acids.
26. Death from starvation occurs as a result of metabolic acidosis and dehydration, pneumonia (due to muscle weakness and decreased antibody formation), and shock (due to depletion of blood volume).
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CBFLecture50
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Okay, let's dive into the integration, regulation, and perturbation of metabolism, focusing on how our bodies handle fuel during feeding, fasting, and starvation. This is really important for understanding how different tissues respond to varying metabolic states. **Fuel Utilization by Tissues** T...
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What are the primary fuels utilized by different tissues in...
* **Glucose:** Preferred by anaerobic tissues (RBCs, Retina, Adrenal Medulla,...
Describe the inter-conversion of food stuffs and metabolic f...
โข **Glucose to Acetyl-CoA to Fatty Acids (Lipogenesis):** Primarily occurs in th...
Describe the metabolic processes occurring in the liver, adi...
- **Liver:** Increased fatty acid synthesis (lipogenesis), increased triacylglyc...
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