PMS | Lecture 3
PMS | Lecture 3
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Quiz Questions (10 questions)
1. The cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) are the primary components of tissues. Cells perform various functions such as secretion and absorption, while the ECM provides structural support.
2. Paraffin sections are the most common type of tissue sections used in light microscopy (L.M.). These sections help in observing the morphology and architecture of tissues.
3. Thin stained tissue sections are essential for studying tissues under a microscope. The staining enhances contrast, making cellular components visible.
4. Basic cell components are stained by acidic dyes. This staining highlights structures like the cytoplasm, making them more visible under a microscope.
5. Plastic sections are used for electron microscopic examination, which allows for detailed visualization of ultrastructural components of cells.
6. Sudan black dye stains lipids, making it useful for identifying lipid-containing structures in tissues.
7. Frozen sections preserve cell enzymes, which is crucial for studying enzyme activity and certain histological analyses.
8. Plastic sections are used for electron microscopic examination, providing high-resolution images of cellular structures.
9. Microscopic magnification is valuable only when accompanied by high resolution, ensuring clarity and detail in microscopic observations.
10. The electron microscope is based on the passage of electron beams through the tissue, allowing for high-resolution imaging of cellular structures.
Previous Exam Questions (17 questions)
1. The fat is stained with Sudan black stain, which is a specific dye used to identify lipids in histological sections. Sudan black stain is lipophilic, meaning it has an affinity for lipid substances, allowing for visualization of fat droplets and adipose tissue under the microscope.
2. The typical intercostal nerve is the ventral ramus of the thoracic spinal nerve, not the dorsal ramus, which primarily innervates the muscles and skin of the back, it comes out from the intervertebral foramen, and it lies in the subcostal groove of the rib, it supplies the parietal pleura.
3. In microtechnique for light microscopy (LM), paraffin is used in the process of embedding, which involves infiltrating tissue specimens with paraffin wax to provide support, allowing thin sections to be cut for microscopic examination. Embedding is a critical step that follows dehydration and clearing, ensuring that tissue maintains its structure during sectioning.
4. The correct order during the preparation of paraffin sections is fixation, dehydration, clearing, embedding, sectioning, and staining. Fixation preserves the tissue, dehydration removes water, clearing replaces alcohol with a medium that mixes with paraffin, embedding infiltrates tissue with paraffin, sectioning cuts thin slices, and staining enhances contrast for microscopic observation.
5. To study lipids in cells, alcohol is used for fixation, which helps to preserve the lipid structures within cells by precipitating proteins and minimizing lipid loss. This fixation method is crucial for maintaining the integrity of lipids for subsequent microscopic examination.
6. Eosin is an acidic dye, which means it is negatively charged and binds to basic (or positively charged) components of cells, such as proteins in the cytoplasm. This dye is commonly used in histology in combination with hematoxylin, which is a basic dye, to provide contrast and detail in tissue sections.
7. To study chromosomal analyses, cell culture is used, which involves growing cells in a controlled environment outside the body. This method allows for the observation of cell division and the study of chromosomes, facilitating genetic and chromosomal research.
8. A group of cells with similar structure and function is referred to as tissue, which represents one of the fundamental organizational levels in the body. Tissues combine to form organs, which then contribute to organ systems, performing specific functions essential for life.
9. Frozen sections are effective in histochemical studies of enzymes and lipid, allowing for the preservation of enzyme activity and lipid structures which can be lost in paraffin-embedded sections.
10. Resolution is the power of a microscope to distinguish fine details, which is crucial in differentiating between two closely positioned structures within a cell or tissue sample.
11. A high voltage electron microscope is useful in studying living cells because it provides the high resolution needed to observe the intricate details of cell structures without killing the cells.
12. To maintain and study living cells outside the body in vitro, we use cell culture, which provides an artificial environment for cells to grow and is essential for experiments such as drug testing and genetic manipulation.
13. Frozen sections are a type of tissue sections suitable for histochemical study of enzymes in cells and tissues, as they preserve the native state of biological molecules, enabling accurate biochemical analysis.
14. Cell culture allows the direct observation of living cells, enabling researchers to conduct experiments which are technically impossible to perform in the body (in vivo) and facilitating genetic or chromosomal analyses and the study of molecular changes in cancer.
15. Tissue sections prepared for microscopic examination include paraffin sections, which provide good morphological detail, and frozen sections, which preserve enzyme activity and lipid content.
16. The limit resolution is the smallest distance between two points that can be distinguished as separate entities, a critical factor in microscope design that determines the level of detail visible in a sample.
17. The most common general stains used in histology is a combination of H and E (hematoxylin and eosin), which highlights cellular structures by staining nuclei blue and cytoplasm pink, aiding in tissue differentiation and diagnosis of pathological conditions.
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**Histology and Its Methods of Study** Histology, the study of the microscopic structure of cells, tissues, and organs, is pivotal in understanding how cellular structures and their arrangements adapt to perform specific functions within each organ. It intricately involves the examination of tissue...
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What are the primary components of tissues?
The primary components of tissues are cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM)....
What is histology?
Histology is the study of the microscopic structure of cells, tissues, and organ...
What type of sections are commonly used for light microscopy...
Paraffin sections are the most common type of tissue sections used in light micr...
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