PMS| Lecture 50 and 51
PMS| Lecture 50 and 51
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Quiz Questions (17 questions)
1. The whole number of somites is 42 to 44 pairs.
2. New somites appear in craniocaudal sequence at a rate of approximately two pairs per day.
3. Intermediate mesoderm will give rise to the kidneys and gonads.
4. Somites differentiate into all of the following except the epidermis of skin.
5. Somites differentiate into myotomes which give rise to skeletal muscle in trunk and limbs, differentiate into sclerotomes which give rise to vertebrae, and arise from segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm.
6. The following organs are derived from mesoderm EXCEPT the suprarenal medulla.
7. The whole number of somites is 42 - 44.
8. Vertebral column is derived from sclerotomes.
9. Intermediate mesoderm is differentiated into the urogenital system.
10. Derivatives of the mesodermal germ layer include all the followings except the respiratory system.
11. Intraembryonic cavity give rise to the followings: peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura.
12. Intraembryonic cavity give rise to the followings: pericardium, peritoneum and pleura.
13. Folding of the embryo occurs during the fourth week.
14. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by the vitelline duct.
15. Primordial germ cell formation takes place in the yolk sac.
16. Derivatives of the endodermal germ layer include all of the followings except the mammary gland.
17. Derivatives of the endodermal germ layer includes the parenchyma of the thyroid gland.
Previous Exam Questions (50 questions)
1. During the second month of development, the external appearance of the embryo changes due to an increase in head size, formation of the limbs, and formation of the ears, nose, and eyes.
2. The intermediate mesoderm gives rise to the kidneys and gonads.
3. The developing embryo has a distinct human appearance by the end of the eighth week.
4. The dermis of the skin is derived from mesoderm.
5. Scoliosis, a lateral deviation of the vertebral column, can be a congenital defect during the formation of the vertebral column involving the sclerotomes.
6. Dermatomes give rise to the dermis, not the epidermis, of the skin; therefore, the statement that dermatomes give rise to the epidermis of the skin is incorrect regarding somites.
7. Intermediate mesoderm differentiates into the urogenital system.
8. Splitting of the lateral plate mesoderm forms the intraembryonic cavity.
9. The mammary gland is not an endodermal derivative.
10. The gut mucosa is not developed from mesoderm.
11. Limb muscles are not derived from endoderm.
12. The heart becoming dorsal in position is not a result of folding.
13. Mechanisms of folding include enlargement of the amniotic cavity.
14. The mesodermal somites originate from para-axial mesoderm.
15. A measurement from the vertex of the skull to the midpoint between the apices of the buttocks is the crown-rump length.
16. The hindgut terminates temporarily at the cloacal membrane, which ruptures in the seventh week.
17. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by the vitelline duct.
18. At the end of the fourth week, the embryo has approximately 28 somites.
19. Sclerotomes differentiate into the vertebral column and ribs, while the dermatome forms the dermis of the skin.
20. At the end of the 4th week, the main external features of the embryo are the somites and pharyngeal arches.
21. The dermatome forms the dermis of the skin.
22. The oropharyngeal membrane ruptures in the fourth week, while the cloacal membrane breaks down in the seventh week.
23. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by way of a stalk called the vitelline duct.
24. Somite cells form the sclerotome that will differentiate into the vertebrae and ribs; cells from the ventrolateral edge migrate into the parietal layer of lateral plate mesoderm to form most of the musculature of the body wall (external and internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles) and most of the limb muscles.
25. Four derivatives of the mesodermal germ layer include bone, cartilage, skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles.
26. During the 2nd month, the external appearance of the embryo changes due to all of the following: increase in the head size, formation of the limbs, and formation of the ears, nose, and eyes.
27. The intermediate mesoderm will give rise to the kidneys and gonads.
28. The developing embryo has a distinct human appearance by the end of week 8.
29. The dermis of the skin is derived from mesoderm.
30. Scoliosis, a lateral deviation of the vertebral column, can be a congenital defect during the formation of the vertebral column, potentially involving the sclerotomes.
31. The incorrect statement regarding somites is that dermatomes give rise to the epidermis of the skin; dermatomes give rise to the dermis of the skin.
32. Intermediate mesoderm is differentiated into the urogenital system.
33. Splitting of the lateral plate forms the intraembryonic cavity.
34. The mammary gland is not an endodermal derivative.
35. The gut mucosa is not developed from mesoderm.
36. Limb muscles are not derived from endoderm.
37. The heart becoming dorsal in position is not a result of folding.
38. Mechanisms of folding include enlargement of the amniotic cavity.
39. The mesodermal somites originated from the para-axial mesoderm.
40. A measurement from the vertex of the skull to the midpoint between the apices of the buttocks is the crown-rump length.
41. The hindgut terminates temporarily at the cloacal membrane, which ruptures in the seventh week.
42. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by the vitelline duct.
43. At the end of the fourth week, the embryo has approximately 28 somites.
44. Sclerotomes differentiate into the vertebral column and ribs, while the dermatome forms the dermis of the skin.
45. At the end of the 4th week, the main external features of the embryo are the somites and pharyngeal arches.
46. The dermatome forms the dermis of the skin.
47. The oropharyngeal membrane ruptures in the fourth week, while the cloacal membrane breaks down in the seventh week.
48. The midgut communicates with the yolk sac by way of a stalk called the vitelline duct.
49. Somite cells form the sclerotome that will differentiate into the vertebrae and ribs, and cells from the ventrolateral edge migrate into the parietal layer of lateral plate mesoderm to form most of the musculature of the body wall (external and internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles) and most of the limb muscles.
50. Four derivatives of the mesodermal germ layer are: bone, cartilage, skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles.
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PMSLecture50and51
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Okay, look man, let me explain this whole embryology lecture to you in a way that'll actually stick. We're diving into the **embryonic period**, specifically focusing on the derivatives of the **mesoderm** and **endoderm**, and how the embryo changes during the second month. This is really important...
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What are the primary learning objectives regarding the embry...
The primary learning objectives are: 1. Understanding the derivatives of the Mes...
What are the key derivatives of the mesoderm, and what is th...
Key mesodermal derivatives include: * **Somites:** Differentiate into scleroto...
Describe the differentiation of the intraembryonic mesoderm...
- **Paraxial Mesoderm:** Thickened plate of tissue close to the midline. - **Int...
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